If i get your email-ID i will tell the basics of polity society economy etc. actually you are confused by the words of RELIGION and SOCIETY. POLITY and ECONOMY.
Society is Group of People of particular land at a particular time in history. whereas RELIGION has been the IDEOLOGY which that believed in and practised to evolve into a custom and habits then culture and in a larger frame of time it is called a CIVILISATION.
ORDER is a need of an individual as well as society. so came the need of LAWS which are derived from customs and cultures.
Now the BELEIF is the keyword every where. either beleiving in SELF any Person or any IDEOLOGY. SCIENCE is also a beleif. because even if it changes its theories evry 20 years We beleif in what presently it says. after 20 years that beleif may get busted.
BEST is to judge from experience and history as science also advocates so. Science has started taking help of SURVEYS and STATISTICS.
Now come to RELEVANCE. Universal human values are always relevant everywhere. Just by geographical boundaries and historical timings dont change those values. other things may change with time and place.
Now STATE is group of people from that SOCIETY to especially guarantee the security and governance and the ORDER. thus comes POLITY into picture.
ECONOMY is faculty of organising money materials and livelihood activities. so that efficeincy increases.
And finally Science Arts and Religion are basic human faculties working since the origin of mankind. Intelligence Emotions and Divine guidelines are three tools for the respective faculties.
Among them Divine guidelines should be Supreme. because to ERR is human. and Divinity can not do any error.
Now, GOOD POINTS TO DISCUSS.
1. You have to first understand the word personal. differentiate it from Criminal. We are a secular state but a heterogenous society. personal Laws and customs have to be respected here to keep the nation united for political and social stability. what is harm in it. is RELIGION not the first law-maker in human history? why not give it a place now? science changes evry 10 or 20 years. Universal values never change. at least in ISLAM.
2. SECULAR electoral democracy always should give political importance to the different small communities. Otherwise it will become ONE-COMMUNITY MOBOCRACY.
3. every social issue should reflect politically also. because politics only finally makes policies and laws. Only Paid people should not come forward to help the opressed. there should a political will.
4. in democracy giving edge and importance to the marginalised through some policy is natural. otherwise it will cease to be democracy. you are UNNECESSARILY calling it APPEASEMENT.
5. Politics is all about People, Protection, Policy and Power. VoteBank is a basic element of a Democracy. Politicians want Power in their side and People want Protection and Policies in their sides. Better to give a kid CHOCLATE than
STICK to keep him happy. isn't it?
6. Now Hajj subsidy is no more. But then what was wrong with that if Thomas Cook can offer you Rs. 1-lakh package of 2-week Europe Tour and made profit also. Now, you decide GOI and Air India gave subsidy to Muslims or made PROFIT from 2-lakh indian Muslim fliers and tourists within 2 months time.
