Surely there were many things wrong with hinduism when these became out of sync with times. But there is no denying that people were converted by force. There are many stories of sultans carrying out masaccres of non-believers on their birthdays and that is enough to scare anyone out of his religions. Cchatrapati Shivaji's general Netaji Palkar was converted by force, but his enlightened king accepted him back into his original faith. But one exception does not prove the general observation wrong. The people who were converted were not low caste Hindus. They were Buddhists who had given up their fighting tradition, that is why there are pockets of Muslim majority in India and larger pockets in western parts of ancient India, such as Afghanistan are Muslim today. The fact that the ancestoprs of the people there were Buddhists is brought out by reicts such as the not destroyed Buddha statues at Bamiyan. Even in Indonesia, the island of Bali which was Hindu remained Hindu while the rest of the islands that were Buddhist dominated quickly converted to Islam. As for the caste system, whatever its drawbacks, St Xavier, who was another great converter, has noted that Hindus refused to convert because of threir great respect for Brahmins who were the spiritual leaders of the society. Of course, the Brahmins then were of a different character. But, the fact is that not many Hindus converted. In Balkan countries Muslims managed to convert half the population.
