This is called 123 Agreement because this comes under USA's Atomic Power Act Section 123. (1) After this Agreement USA will supply all fuel, machinery / equipment & technology to India for producing Nuclear Power. (2) All these days from about 22 Nuclear Power Plants, India is producing power as well as Atom. It's a high security / secret that from where which is produced, how much is produced, where it is supplied, what research is being done with that, etc. to anybody. But if we sign this Agreement, we have to disclose these secrets and also agree to 14 of our Nuclear Power Plants to be under the scanner of International Atomic Power Organisation. (3) The fuel utilised to produce Atomic Power can be recycled for reuse and this plant will be under direct supervision of IAPO. If India does nuclear test, this agreement gets cancelled.But (1) USA will take back all the machinery / equipments / technology supplied to India thus far. (2) Those 14 plants will continue to be under scanner irrespective of the status of the agreement. On the other hand, if any of the commitments given by USA is breached by them, then there is no clause for cancelling this agreement. The agreement is apparently like this... USA can either hug India or slap India. India will not ask why are we hugged or why are we slapped. On the other hand, India cannot hug or slap USA for breach of agreement. This is only capsule so that easy to read and digest.
