India tested two times. Both times we attracted trade and nuclear sanctions. Pokhran II test under NDA regime also prompted the US to constitute the NSG - curbing our right to nuclear trade. As a result for want of spares and fuel, our capacity utilization of reactors started declining.
If we test now, sanctions will hit India's growth story which has already taken some blows due to global inflation. Unlike previous times, the deal permits us to test if other countries test.
There is also an unofficial ban on nuclear testing. This is why no country has tested a nuclear device for decades.
All countries instead opt for computer simulation using past test results. This is also why Pokhran II was not confined to a single test but involved a series of 5. Once that was achieved, Vajpayeee in 1999 and Jaswant Singh assured the world on the floor of the UN that India will unilaterally and permanently cease to test nuclear devices.
