a begger is begging b'coz, we make him to begg by contributing interms of money. There some parts in India where you may find no beggers, because people stopped putting money in beggers hands. If you want I can tell the name of the place in India.
The greatest responsibility will be not to give him money at first so that he can struggle with some other work to feed himself (& if some one argues about handicaps, how many beggers are handicap and there are enough examples of independent handicaps).
above is just a solution to one problem you mentioned. This was with my experience and observation. And i feel if we are optimistic we can resolve all problems with such ease (even curruption - the root cause of all problems).
India is huge country, complex than anyone else, so the problems will be bigger, specialy just 61 yrs after independence. We cant compare with Singapore or Dubai.
Things are improving, we are at least not falling short of food as it was 3-4 decades ago. Government is not impotent it banned rice export amidst of shortage. There is indeed positive growth, and I feel the power is energy which is within the youths who are capable of making DIFFERENCE.
GDH can never be 100% achieved. GDH is CONCEPT, I agree with you, its theoratical, but its a CONCEPT - to be undertaken as a research, just Japnese came up with concepts like KIZEN, 5S, JIT etc.