I am aware that coal WILL create CO2 loading and global warming too. I have published several Papers on these. But, remember, it wil create atmospheric pollution and greenhouse gases dispersed across the GLOBE: not just India. My important observation is that our country's strategic interests cannot be compromised for the sake of energy, for which we do have alternative solutions: though, suboptimal. Even nuclear energy can be disastrous: e.g. Chernobyl. We need to go in for thorium route in the long run. And till then coal or hydro may be the solution. You yourself have agreed that our nuclear reactors are getting shut down for want of uranium. Is it not blackmail by the nuclear group including China? Self reliance wil pay in the long run. Nevertheless, I do agree that we should go in for 123 agreement provided US and the NSG agree to conditions that will not put highly objectionable conditions that will amount to compromising on our sovereignty. I appreciate your intelligent response. Prof. Natarajan.