It seems that Muzaffarabad, Mirpur and Baltistan were lost to Kashmir for the same reason that west Punjab, Sind and east Bengal were lost to India: Sheikh Abdulla's National Conference had noinfluence in these far-flung reasons, and the Indian Congress had limited electoral influence in northwestern and eastern India. besides, all (except maybe Lahore district) were fiscally deficit regions. so, why take the bother- never the trauma that such pragmatism has had over generations of South Asians.