Any place occupied by British becomes a haven of Opium?if you wonder what is the proof? then know this? during colonial era,India was the biggest opicum producer of the world.
Check Historian Amitav Ghosh interview on BBC fo details
news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7460682.stm
As to mathematics,if course Afhanistan was land of many greatest mathematicians? Have you heard of Al-Biruni?
He was calculating earth's accelration a thousand years before europe copied that idea and dramtized the whole affair by citing Gallilio as a great scientist for rediscovering things which are known to Muslims several hundred years before
Check Royal Astronmical Society of Hardvard univeristys publication on this
adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1972MNRAS.159..453N
The Earth's acceleration as deduced from al-Biruni's solar data
